diff --git a/ssh/server.go b/ssh/server.go
index 3c0fcc953e..2bc8dccd1b 100644
--- a/ssh/server.go
+++ b/ssh/server.go
@@ -779,7 +779,11 @@ userAuthLoop:
 				candidate.user = s.user
 				candidate.pubKeyData = pubKeyData
 				candidate.perms, candidate.result = authConfig.PublicKeyCallback(s, pubKey)
+				var pse *PartialSuccessError
 				_, isPartialSuccessError := candidate.result.(*PartialSuccessError)
+				if !isPartialSuccessError {
+					isPartialSuccessError = errors.As(candidate.result, &pse)
+				}
 				if isPartialSuccessError && config.VerifiedPublicKeyCallback != nil {
 					return nil, errors.New("ssh: invalid library usage: PublicKeyCallback must not return partial success when VerifiedPublicKeyCallback is defined")
 				}
@@ -804,8 +808,12 @@ userAuthLoop:
 				if len(payload) > 0 {
 					return nil, parseError(msgUserAuthRequest)
 				}
-				_, isPartialSuccessError := candidate.result.(*PartialSuccessError)
-				if candidate.result == nil || isPartialSuccessError {
+				var pse2 *PartialSuccessError
+				_, isPartialSuccessError2 := candidate.result.(*PartialSuccessError)
+				if !isPartialSuccessError2 {
+					isPartialSuccessError2 = errors.As(candidate.result, &pse2)
+				}
+				if candidate.result == nil || isPartialSuccessError2 {
 					okMsg := userAuthPubKeyOkMsg{
 						Algo:   algo,
 						PubKey: pubKeyData,
@@ -946,7 +954,8 @@ userAuthLoop:
 
 		var failureMsg userAuthFailureMsg
 
-		if partialSuccess, ok := authErr.(*PartialSuccessError); ok {
+		var partialSuccess *PartialSuccessError
+		if ok := errors.As(authErr, &partialSuccess); ok {
 			// Permissions are not preserved between authentication steps. To
 			// avoid confusion about the final state of the connection, we
 			// disallow returning non-nil Permissions combined with
diff --git a/ssh/server_multi_auth_test.go b/ssh/server_multi_auth_test.go
index 3b39802437..800763e7b4 100644
--- a/ssh/server_multi_auth_test.go
+++ b/ssh/server_multi_auth_test.go
@@ -410,3 +410,68 @@ func TestDynamicAuthCallbacks(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal("server not returned partial success")
 	}
 }
+
+// TestPartialSuccessErrorWrappedInBannerError verifies that a PartialSuccessError
+// wrapped inside a BannerError is correctly detected via errors.As, rather than
+// silently treated as an authentication failure. Prior to the fix, the direct
+// type assertion authErr.(*PartialSuccessError) would fail when authErr is a
+// *BannerError, causing the partial-success state to be lost and authFailures
+// to be incremented instead.
+func TestPartialSuccessErrorWrappedInBannerError(t *testing.T) {
+	username := "testuser"
+	errPwdAuthFailed := errors.New("password auth failed")
+
+	// The PasswordCallback returns a BannerError wrapping a PartialSuccessError.
+	// This is valid API usage: the callback wants to both send a banner message
+	// AND signal partial success requiring a second factor.
+	serverConfig := &ServerConfig{
+		PasswordCallback: func(conn ConnMetadata, password []byte) (*Permissions, error) {
+			if string(password) == clientPassword {
+				// First factor OK; wrap PartialSuccessError in a BannerError so
+				// a banner is also sent to the client.
+				return nil, &BannerError{
+					Err: &PartialSuccessError{
+						Next: ServerAuthCallbacks{
+							PasswordCallback: func(conn ConnMetadata, password []byte) (*Permissions, error) {
+								if string(password) == clientPassword {
+									return nil, nil
+								}
+								return nil, errPwdAuthFailed
+							},
+						},
+					},
+					Message: "First factor accepted; please provide second factor.",
+				}
+			}
+			return nil, errPwdAuthFailed
+		},
+	}
+
+	clientConfig := &ClientConfig{
+		User: username,
+		Auth: []AuthMethod{
+			// Two password attempts: first triggers partial success, second completes login.
+			Password(clientPassword),
+			Password(clientPassword),
+		},
+		HostKeyCallback: InsecureIgnoreHostKey(),
+		BannerCallback: BannerDisplayStderr(),
+	}
+
+	serverAuthErrors, err := doClientServerAuth(t, serverConfig, clientConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("client login error: %v (PartialSuccessError wrapped in BannerError was not detected)", err)
+	}
+
+	// Expected sequence:
+	// [0] ErrNoAuth (none method)
+	// [1] BannerError wrapping PartialSuccessError (first password)
+	// [2] nil (second password succeeds)
+	if len(serverAuthErrors) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected number of server auth errors: %d, errors: %+v", len(serverAuthErrors), serverAuthErrors)
+	}
+	var pse *PartialSuccessError
+	if !errors.As(serverAuthErrors[1], &pse) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected a PartialSuccessError (possibly wrapped) at index 1, got: %v", serverAuthErrors[1])
+	}
+}