diff --git a/packages/relay-runtime/store/__tests__/RelayResponseNormalizer-test.js b/packages/relay-runtime/store/__tests__/RelayResponseNormalizer-test.js
index bc5f0743544d..2378bae3e841 100644
--- a/packages/relay-runtime/store/__tests__/RelayResponseNormalizer-test.js
+++ b/packages/relay-runtime/store/__tests__/RelayResponseNormalizer-test.js
@@ -2637,6 +2637,49 @@ describe('RelayResponseNormalizer', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  // Regression test for facebook/relay#5056 — currently demonstrates
+  // buggy behavior; flip assertion when the underlying bug is fixed.
+  // The reported schema shape is `[[MyType!]!]!` where the inner type is
+  // an abstract (interface/union). The test schema does not model nested
+  // lists, so this test instead sends a doubly-nested payload to a plain
+  // plural-of-abstract field (`User.actors: [Actor]`). That exercises the
+  // same `_normalizePluralLink` → `_getRecordType` runtime path described
+  // in #5056: the inner "item" is itself an array, so `_getRecordType`
+  // receives an array and fails with an unhelpful Invariant Violation.
+  it('throws when a plural-of-abstract field receives a nested-array payload (#5056)', () => {
+    const Query = graphql`
+      query RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query($id: ID) {
+        node(id: $id) {
+          id
+          __typename
+          ... on User {
+            actors {
+              id
+              __typename
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    `;
+    const malformedPayload = {
+      node: {
+        id: '1',
+        __typename: 'User',
+        actors: [[{id: '2', __typename: 'Page'}]],
+      },
+    };
+    const recordSource = new RelayRecordSource();
+    recordSource.set(ROOT_ID, RelayModernRecord.create(ROOT_ID, ROOT_TYPE));
+    expect(() =>
+      normalize(
+        recordSource,
+        createNormalizationSelector(Query.operation, ROOT_ID, {id: '1'}),
+        malformedPayload,
+        defaultOptions,
+      ),
+    ).toThrow(/Expected a typename for record `\[/);
+  });
+
   it('warns in __DEV__ if payload data is missing an expected field', () => {
     const BarQuery = graphql`
       query RelayResponseNormalizerTest20Query($id: ID) {
diff --git a/packages/relay-runtime/store/__tests__/__generated__/RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query.graphql.js b/packages/relay-runtime/store/__tests__/__generated__/RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query.graphql.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..c77121ec152c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/relay-runtime/store/__tests__/__generated__/RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query.graphql.js
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree.
+ *
+ * @oncall relay
+ *
+ * @generated SignedSource<<7bef7d5a29221f807fe7b9577c55b148>>
+ * @flow
+ * @lightSyntaxTransform
+ */
+
+/* eslint-disable */
+
+'use strict';
+
+/*::
+import type { ConcreteRequest, Query } from 'relay-runtime';
+export type RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query$variables = {|
+  id?: ?string,
+|};
+export type RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query$data = {|
+  +node: ?{|
+    +__typename: string,
+    +actors?: ?ReadonlyArray<?{|
+      +__typename: string,
+      +id: string,
+    |}>,
+    +id: string,
+  |},
+|};
+export type RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query = {|
+  response: RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query$data,
+  variables: RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query$variables,
+|};
+*/
+
+var node/*: ConcreteRequest*/ = (function(){
+var v0 = [
+  {
+    "defaultValue": null,
+    "kind": "LocalArgument",
+    "name": "id"
+  }
+],
+v1 = {
+  "alias": null,
+  "args": null,
+  "kind": "ScalarField",
+  "name": "id",
+  "storageKey": null
+},
+v2 = {
+  "alias": null,
+  "args": null,
+  "kind": "ScalarField",
+  "name": "__typename",
+  "storageKey": null
+},
+v3 = [
+  {
+    "alias": null,
+    "args": [
+      {
+        "kind": "Variable",
+        "name": "id",
+        "variableName": "id"
+      }
+    ],
+    "concreteType": null,
+    "kind": "LinkedField",
+    "name": "node",
+    "plural": false,
+    "selections": [
+      (v1/*:: as any*/),
+      (v2/*:: as any*/),
+      {
+        "kind": "InlineFragment",
+        "selections": [
+          {
+            "alias": null,
+            "args": null,
+            "concreteType": null,
+            "kind": "LinkedField",
+            "name": "actors",
+            "plural": true,
+            "selections": [
+              (v1/*:: as any*/),
+              (v2/*:: as any*/)
+            ],
+            "storageKey": null
+          }
+        ],
+        "type": "User",
+        "abstractKey": null
+      }
+    ],
+    "storageKey": null
+  }
+];
+return {
+  "fragment": {
+    "argumentDefinitions": (v0/*:: as any*/),
+    "kind": "Fragment",
+    "metadata": null,
+    "name": "RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query",
+    "selections": (v3/*:: as any*/),
+    "type": "Query",
+    "abstractKey": null
+  },
+  "kind": "Request",
+  "operation": {
+    "argumentDefinitions": (v0/*:: as any*/),
+    "kind": "Operation",
+    "name": "RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query",
+    "selections": (v3/*:: as any*/)
+  },
+  "params": {
+    "cacheID": "63c98737e9365e9429d8f0e85b5d0e1f",
+    "id": null,
+    "metadata": {},
+    "name": "RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query",
+    "operationKind": "query",
+    "text": "query RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query(\n  $id: ID\n) {\n  node(id: $id) {\n    id\n    __typename\n    ... on User {\n      actors {\n        id\n        __typename\n      }\n    }\n  }\n}\n"
+  }
+};
+})();
+
+if (__DEV__) {
+  (node/*:: as any*/).hash = "1364920a1cd7346273dfc3a3cbe8e506";
+}
+
+module.exports = ((node/*:: as any*/)/*:: as Query<
+  RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query$variables,
+  RelayResponseNormalizerTest5056Query$data,
+>*/);