Upgrade graphql-js to v17 alpha

Update graphql dependency from ^16.11.0 to 17.0.0-alpha.11 across the
root package, all example projects, and the website.

Code changes for v17 API compatibility:
- Replace `instanceof` checks with type guard functions (isScalarType,
  isObjectType, isInterfaceType, isInputObjectType)
- Move ConstDirectiveNode import from graphql/language to graphql
- Update arg.defaultValue to arg.default (v17 API change)
- Update test snapshots for v17 output differences

Author: captbaritone

examples/apollo-server/package.json

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
   "dependencies": {
     "@apollo/server": "^5.0.0",
     "@types/node": "^20.8.10",
-    "graphql": "16.11.0"
+    "graphql": "17.0.0-alpha.11"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "grats": "workspace:*",

examples/express-graphql-http/package.json

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
     "@types/express": "^4.17.20",
     "@types/node": "^20.8.10",
     "express": "^4.18.2",
-    "graphql": "16.8.1",
+    "graphql": "17.0.0-alpha.11",
     "graphql-http": "^1.22.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {

examples/incremental-migration/package.json

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
     "@faker-js/faker": "^8.4.1",
     "@graphql-tools/schema": "^10.0.3",
     "@pothos/core": "^3.41.1",
-    "graphql": "16.8.1",
+    "graphql": "17.0.0-alpha.11",
     "graphql-yoga": "^5.0.0",
     "typescript": "^5.5.4"
   },

examples/next-js/package.json

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
   },
   "homepage": "https://github.com/captbaritone/grats#readme",
   "dependencies": {
-    "graphql": "^16.8.1",
+    "graphql": "17.0.0-alpha.11",
     "graphql-yoga": "^5.0.0",
     "next": "14.0.3",
     "react": "^18",

examples/production-app/package.json

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
     "@graphql-tools/utils": "^9.2.1",
     "@graphql-yoga/plugin-defer-stream": "^3.1.1",
     "dataloader": "^2.2.2",
-    "graphql": "16.11.0",
+    "graphql": "17.0.0-alpha.11",
     "graphql-relay": "^0.10.0",
     "graphql-yoga": "^5.16.0",
     "typescript": "^5.5.4"

examples/strict-semantic-nullability/package.json

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
   },
   "homepage": "https://github.com/captbaritone/grats#readme",
   "dependencies": {
-    "graphql": "16.8.1",
+    "graphql": "17.0.0-alpha.11",
     "graphql-yoga": "^5.0.0",
     "typescript": "^5.5.4"
   },

examples/yoga/package.json

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
   },
   "homepage": "https://github.com/captbaritone/grats#readme",
   "dependencies": {
-    "graphql": "16.8.1",
+    "graphql": "17.0.0-alpha.11",
     "graphql-yoga": "^5.0.0",
     "typescript": "^5.5.4"
   },

package.json

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "commander": "^14.0.1",
-    "graphql": "^16.11.0",
+    "graphql": "17.0.0-alpha.11",
     "semver": "^7.7.2",
     "typescript": "5.9.2"
   },